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Concerning pituitary adenomas this statement is not true

Which of these vessels is not part of the polygon of Willis?

Which of the following is  not a feature of a CN4 palsy

The 3 Park test is not indicated in:

A bow tie atrophy is found in the;

The following  statements are true about see-saw nystagmus EXCEPT

Classical signs of Blepharophimosis syndrome include

Ragged red fibers are seen in

These statements are true about gaze palsies EXCEPT:

One of the following is not a treatment for esotropia

Hypertropia worse in abduction is seen in:

This is the compensatory head posture  for a right superior oblique palsy:

Which of the following procedures is the most likely surgical option for superior oblique muscle palsy?

Sensory adaptions in strabismus include all these EXCEPT:

Causes of Pseudoesotropia include all these except

The following conditions may be associated with essential infantile esotropia except:

In which of the following area is the horizontal gaze control located

The vestibule-ocular reflex acts to stabilize the eye position during

Concerning Argyll-Robertson’s pupil this statement IS NOT true:

The following statement is true:

A 80 year old man developed a right facial palsy and a right horizontal gaze palsy. . In addition, he had a right Horner’s syndrome and loss of sensation to the right face. This statement is true:

A 32 year-old woman developed a painful right eye and proptosis. Examination  revealed normal vision but the movement of the right eye is restricted and the  right forehead had decreased sensation to touch and pain. The left eye examination  was normal. The most likely site of lesion is:

This is the least likely cause of synkinetic ptosis

This is not true about Bell’s phenomenon

A 20 year old man presents with a one day history of painless visual loss in the right eye on waking up in the morning. On fundoscopy, his optic disc is swollen and hyperemic with peripapillary haemorrhages. ESR is30mm/hr and C reactive protein  1.5mg/dl. What is the best next step in management?

Cogan’s lid twitch sign is characteristic of

This is not associated with opticociliary shunt(retinochoroidal vessels)

An optic nerve lesion affecting the nasal radiating fibers of the retinal ganglion cells produces this kind of visual field defect

 Which pupillary reaction would the Early stages of intracavernous internal carotid aneurysm most likely present?

Which of these is not a feature of middle cranial fossa fracture?

The following are possible visual field changes in the presence of a parasellar tumour EXCEPT

The following conditions result from pontine lesions EXCEPT

Which of these visual field defects is a feature of posterior chiasm lesions?

The pupillary response in acute papilloedema is

Occipital lobe lesions may present with the following EXCEPT:

The following surgical procedure can be used to repair 6^th nerve palsy

The following signs are correctly  matched with the disease they are associated with except

A young girl is brought for evaluation because her parents noticed that for the past several weeks, she turns her head while watching T V and reading. This head turn is precisely a right face turn. The most likely cause for the head posture is

Concerning  optic radiation this statement is not true

Which statement is true?

Contralateral hemiparesis/hemiplegia is seen in the following syndromes except

Concerning radiological imaging in ophthalmology

Postganglionic Horner’s syndrome pupil will dilate with

A  wedge-shaped visual field defect with the apex pointing towards fixation is seen with a lesion in the

In superior orbital fissure syndrome one of the following is not involved

Concerning Morning Glory anomaly all these statements are true EXCEPT

All these statements about skew deviation are true EXCEPT

Which of these is not a component of classic triad of internal carotid artery dissection

Which of these is a classic feature of Ocular Ischemic Syndrome(OIS)?

Transient visual obscurations do not occur in

Which is one of the diagnostic criteria for Giant Cell arteritis according to the American Rheumatology Association?

Which of these  is not a red flag sign in suspected transient visual loss from Migraine aura?

Clinical evaluation of a 30 year old woman who presented with subtle blurring of vision revealed a bow-tie atrophy of the right eye and left incongruous homonymous hemianopia. CT scan of the brain confirmed pituitary adenoma. What is the likely location of the optic chiasm in this patient?

Which of the following statements correctly describes physiologic diplopia?

Central suppression scotoma of the deviating eye in monofixation syndrome can be detected by

A 45 year old man presents  with transient black out in the right eye  that lasted  between 10-15 minutes. He described it as a curtain falling and rising in the  right eye. He had associated ipsilateral neck pain and mild drooping of the  right upper  lid. There  was no history  of trauma  preceding these symptoms . He is not hypertensive  or diabetic. What investigation will help you clinch your diagnosis?

A 55 year old man presenting at the Emergency department describes episodes of sudden blacking out  of vision in both eyes lasting 3-4 seconds. There were no history of headaches, ringing sensation  in the ears, nausea, vomiting. Change in posture does not  precipitate attack. What is your most likely diagnosis?

Concerning cortical/cerebral visual impairment(CVI), all these statements are correct except which statement is incorrect?

CVI

The following  are differentials of congenital CVI EXCEPT

Choose the correct option on the prognosis of Cortical/cerebral visual impairment

A 17 year old boy presented to the neuroophthalmology clinic complaining of subacute vision loss in his right eye that has been painless and progressive for the past several months. On examination, visual acuity  in the RE  was 6/36, and LE was 6/6. Pupillary examination revealed no afferent pupillary defect. Which additional finding strongly suggests a diagnosis of functional or non-organic visual loss?

Epidemiology of functional or non-organic visual loss, choose the correct statement

To rule out functional or non-organic  visual loss for a patient with profound visual impairment or blindness, indirect assessment of visual acuity will include all except

Assessment of a patient with functional or non-organic vision loss,  the following are all true except

Neuroimaging is indicated in functional  or non-organic  visual loss when

Regarding  Anisocoria, the following statement is NOT TRUE

What is the most significant pathological presentation of mitochondrial dysfunction in Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy(LHON)?

In the optic neuritis treatment trial(ONTT) which of the following is not a key finding

Concerning Axoplasmic  flow stasis

A 50 year old male patient gives history of STD acquired 20 years back, now complains headache, seizures, confusion and numbness in extremities. Which of the following  will be true about the pupillary response of the above patient?

Keyhole shaped visual field defect is a feature of:

This is not a defined risk factor nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

Which one of the following statements is most TRUE about  a relative afferent pupillary defect(RAPD)?

A 55 year old diabetic patient presents with double vision. Which one of the following findings would lead you to order MRI of the brain as the initial diagnostic test?

This is not a feature of myotonic dystrophy

This is not true about Myasthenia Gravis

Gaze-evoked amaurosis  is most suggestive of:

Down beat nystagmus is associated withal except

All these features in optic disc drusen differentiate it from papilloedema except

All these statements are true concerning vestibular nystagmus EXCEPT

With a horizontal gaze palsy to the right, all of the following  may be true EXCEPT

Concerning radiological imaging:

The following are features of optic nerve disease EXCEPT

Stimulation of corresponding retinal elements by two different objects gives

Macular sparing visual field defect is pathognomonic of

Concerning MRI, all these statements are true EXCEPT

Anisocoria is seen in

Filling of arteries in the venous phase during CT contrast imaging is typical of

This eye drop was approved by FDA in 2020 for the medical treatment of ptosis